American Board of Surgery Qualifying Exam (ABS QE) Practice Test

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How is Negative Predictive Value (NPV) calculated?

TP/(TP+FP)
TN/(TN+FN)
TP/TP+FN
FN/(TP+TN)

The correct answer is: TN/(TN+FN)

Negative Predictive Value (NPV) is an important statistical measure used to assess the effectiveness of a diagnostic test. It specifically quantifies the probability that individuals with a negative test result truly do not have the disease. The formula for NPV is calculated as the ratio of true negatives to the sum of true negatives and false negatives. In terms of the components: "true negatives" refers to the number of patients who do not have the disease and are correctly identified by the test as negative. "False negatives," on the other hand, are the patients who have the disease but are incorrectly identified by the test as negative. Thus, the formula essentially assesses how reliable a negative test result is by comparing the number of correctly identified non-diseased individuals to the total number of individuals who received a negative test result. This calculation is crucial in clinical settings as it helps clinicians understand the likelihood of a disease being absent in patients who test negative, guiding further management and decision-making in patient care.