American Board of Surgery Qualifying Exam (ABS QE) Practice Test

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What is the highest reported incidence percentage of delirium in orthopedic procedures for patients over 70 years of age?

The correct answer is: 60%

The highest reported incidence percentage of delirium in orthopedic procedures for patients over 70 years of age is 60%. Delirium is particularly common in older adults due to multiple risk factors, including pre-existing cognitive impairment, polypharmacy, sensory deficits, and the physiological stress associated with surgery and anesthesia. In orthopedic settings, certain procedures, especially those involving hip fractures or major joint surgeries, have been shown to trigger a significant incidence of delirium in this age group. Literature suggests that up to 60% of older patients undergoing such orthopedic surgeries may experience delirium postoperatively. This figure highlights the critical need for medical professionals to be aware of delirium risk factors and to implement preventative strategies in at-risk populations, such as enhanced preoperative assessments, postoperative monitoring, and environmental modifications to reduce confusion and agitation.