American Board of Surgery Qualifying Exam (ABS QE) Practice Test

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What tumors are associated with Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia (MEN) 2A?

Parathyroid tumor and pheochromocytoma
Medullary thyroid carcinoma and pheochromocytoma
Pituitary tumor and pancreatic tumor
Gastric tumor and insulinoma

The correct answer is: Medullary thyroid carcinoma and pheochromocytoma

Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia (MEN) 2A, also known as Sipple syndrome, is characterized by the development of specific tumors, primarily involving the endocrine system. The correct response highlights the key tumors associated with this condition: medullary thyroid carcinoma and pheochromocytoma. Medullary thyroid carcinoma arises from parafollicular C cells of the thyroid gland, leading to the secretion of calcitonin. This tumor is a hallmark of MEN 2A and is typically diagnosed in early adulthood. Pheochromocytoma is another essential component of MEN 2A, originating from the adrenal medulla. These tumors lead to excessive production of catecholamines, which can cause episodes of hypertension and other symptoms related to catecholamine release. The combination of these two tumors—medullary thyroid carcinoma and pheochromocytoma—forms the core of the MEN 2A syndrome, along with primary hyperparathyroidism. It is essential to recognize this association, as early identification and management of these tumors can significantly impact patient prognosis. Other options listed do not accurately reflect the tumors associated with MEN 2A.